Explicit teaching has been the craze for at least the last 10 years, and I jumped into the classroom right in the middle of it. I have a bit of a love-hate relationship with this approach—especially with how it became the only teaching method in some schools. We went full throttle with it, and there were days I felt more like a drill master than a teacher. Every lesson was timed, rehearsed, and scripted; my students, at times, felt more like robots going through the motions than active learners.
But despite all that, I have to admit: even with its drawbacks, I believe in explicit teaching and the vital role it plays in our classrooms. It offers clarity, structure, and a straightforward path for students to achieve their learning goals. When applied thoughtfully, explicit teaching can engage students, reinforce foundational skills, and build the kind of confidence that makes learning accessible to every student—no matter where they are starting from.
Let’s explore why explicit teaching is so effective, and how you can apply it to improve student outcomes in your own classroom.
The Science Behind Explicit Teaching
Explicit teaching is more than just a buzzword—it’s a well-researched and evidence-based approach to instruction. At its core, explicit teaching involves clear, direct instruction where teachers model and explain concepts step-by-step. This approach is grounded in cognitive science, which tells us that students learn best when information is presented in a structured and understandable manner.
Clarity and Structure
One of the greatest strengths of explicit teaching is its clarity. By breaking down complex concepts into manageable chunks, we provide our students with a roadmap for understanding. This structured approach not only helps students grasp new material but also builds a strong foundation for future learning.
For instance, when teaching a math concept like simplifying fractions, explicit teaching involves modelling the process, providing guided practice, and then allowing students to work independently while receiving feedback. This clear progression helps students understand not just how to perform a task, but why it works the way it does.
The magic is in the predictability of the structure. Students don’t know the content, but they know the HOW. This is powerful as it takes the unexpected (which can cause unknown anxiety for our students) and allows them to focus purely on the new knowledge.
Practical Examples
Let’s break it down with a practical example. Imagine you’re introducing the concept of simplifying fractions to your class. Rather than assuming students already grasp the basics, you start by explicitly teaching the foundation of the skill. You break it down into manageable, achievable steps—your “Steps to Success”—during the I DO phase.
Next comes the WE DO phase, where the whole class works through the “Steps to Success” together. You guide them through the process, allowing plenty of opportunities for practice and feedback. As students build confidence, you gradually release responsibility, regularly checking for understanding.
Finally, in the YOU DO phase, most of the class (aiming for around 80%) should be able to apply their new knowledge independently. This allows you to focus on small groups of students who need additional support, working with them until they’re ready to transition to independent practice.
Benefits for All Students
Explicit teaching isn’t just beneficial for students who are struggling; it supports all learners. By providing clear instructions and examples, you cater to diverse learning styles and needs. Students with disabilities, in particular, benefit from the structured approach, as it helps them process information in a way that is tailored to their individual learning requirements.
For average and extension students, explicit teaching ensures that they fully understand the foundational concepts before moving on to more complex tasks. This approach allows you to build their skills progressively, giving them the opportunity to deepen their understanding and apply their knowledge at a higher level.
Extension students, in particular, thrive with this method because it challenges them to explore new concepts once the basics are mastered. By using explicit teaching, you create a balanced learning environment where all students—from those requiring additional support to those seeking greater challenge—can excel at their own pace.
Conclusion
While my journey with explicit teaching has had its ups and downs, I’ve come to appreciate the power it holds in shaping student success. Yes, there were moments where it felt robotic and rigid, but when used thoughtfully, explicit teaching provides the clarity, structure, and support that students need to thrive—whether they’re just grasping foundational skills or pushing themselves further. By incorporating this approach, you can help students of all abilities master complex concepts and set them up for future success. As you reflect on your own teaching practices, consider how explicit instruction can not only streamline your planning but also transform your classroom into a place where all students feel confident and capable.
Want a Free Explicit Lesson?
To help you get started, I’m offering a free resource: an explicit lesson on simplifying fractions. It’s designed to give you a practical example of how to apply explicit teaching techniques in your math lessons. Download it today and see how it can make a difference in your teaching practice!
